by M G Minty and F Zimmermann, Springer. Hardback ISBN 3540441875, €74.85 (£54.00, $79.95).
This is a specialist book written primarily for the high-energy particle-accelerator community, in which Minty and Zimmermann present a contemporary view of charged-particle beam measurement and control in high-energy physics (HEP) machines. With an eye on the next generation of such machines, the authors cover, in some detail, the pioneering work being carried out around the world on electron-positron linear colliders.
The subject matter and references are laudably taken from worldwide resources. The references are given in abundance and the authors have provided an admirable service by trawling through the ever-more voluminous proceedings of conferences and schools to list the key papers. There are 172 figures, which are frequently of “live” examples taken from the world’s foremost HEP laboratories, and the authors have also taken care to expand the theory in the more advanced or less well known areas. Each chapter is backed up by exercises with solutions that provide the authors with a useful vehicle for more theoretical explanations and alternative views that could not be conveniently integrated into the text. Newcomers to HEP machines, however, should heed the warning on page 5 that the reader is expected to know basic optics and, one might add, advanced applied mathematics as well.
The experienced reader can omit the introductory chapter 1, while newcomers would be better served by building their knowledge through the more basic references given by the authors. Thereafter, the book reads smoothly, starting with single-particle optics and moving progressively through emittance, photoinjectors, collimation, longitudinal optics, longitudinal manipulation, injection and extraction, polarization and cooling. In general, the authors start by reviewing how to measure the parameters in a particular category and then continue with how to control those parameters.
Chapter 2 starts with the measurement of transverse optical parameters. Many of the techniques described are relatively recent and depend on the tremendous advances that have been made in digital electronics and online computing power. The use of “multiknobs” is described. This concept has existed for many decades in the form of tune and chromaticity control using two independent corrector families, but it can be greatly extended using matrix techniques for quasi-linear systems and powerful matching routines for the more non-linear cases.
Chapter 3 addresses the important subject of closed-orbit correction, where the reader will be brought up to date with jargon such as “corrector ironing” (page 87). This chapter also includes newer topics such as wake-field bumps, dispersion-free steering, orbit feedback and dynamic orbits excited by an alternating-current dipole. Chapter 4 deals with the difficult task of emittance measurement and tackles both the transverse and longitudinal planes, bringing in equilibrium emittances and the control of partition damping numbers. The next chapter briefly breaks the mould of the earlier ones by reviewing low-emittance photoinjectors and the production of flat beams using a solenoid, which together are of great importance to linear colliders.
Chapter 6 takes up collimation, but with only seven pages the reader sees relatively little of this critical subject. Collimation is important in low-energy high-intensity machines, high-energy superconducting machines and in electron-positron linear colliders. In each of these cases the problems and parameters are different. The collimation proposals for linear colliders would have fitted well into the context of this book, as the authors are clearly preparing for the next generation, while high-efficiency collimation for machines like the LHC is arguably an even more important topic that could have been included.
The book then returns to the basic mould with excellent accounts of the measurement of longitudinal optics parameters in chapter 7, followed logically by the manipulation of the longitudinal phase space in chapter 8. One small disappointment is that the tomographic measurement of longitudinal phase space, although mentioned in one of the examples and referenced, is not treated in a separate section as a diagnostic tool in its own right.
Chapter 9 could be arguably more suited to a book on lattice design and contains somewhat surprising excursions into septum and kicker magnet design. However, the reader will no doubt find extraction by resonance islands and bent crystals highly interesting. Chapter 10 on polarization fills a gap in the literature and the authors have accordingly paid more attention to theory. The practicalities of the harmonic correction of depolarizing resonances, adiabatic spin flipping, tune jumps and Siberian snakes of complete and partial types are all addressed. The final chapter describes the fascinating topics of stochastic cooling, electron cooling, laser cooling, ionization cooling, crystal beams and beam echoes, many of which merit their own monograph.
In summary, this book is a very welcome and valuable addition to the accelerator literature. As noted by the authors, there is relatively little material in the book specifically for low-energy machines, but industrial users may still find it useful to read the book and adapt or develop the ideas rather than apply them directly.
